Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3

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September 12, 2025

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 helps you understand the key concepts important for scoring well in board exams. This chapter compares the physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals. It also explains how they react with other elements like oxygen, water, and acids. These reactions are very important for you to remember because the majority of questions asked in the board exam are based on these reactions only.

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Science Chapter 3 notes cover topics like how metals and non-metals combine to form compounds through ionic bonds. You will also learn about corrosion, which is the process of metals getting damaged when exposed to air or water, among many other topics. These Metals and Non-Metals class 10 short notes are useful for both school exams and quick revisions. They cover the extraction of metals from ores, uses of metals and non-metals in daily life, and their role in industries.

By going through these metals and non metals notes class 10, you can easily understand the differences between metals and non-metals and remember key reactions, properties, and uses. Keep reading to find the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes to boost your understanding of this chapter and prepare better for the upcoming board exams.

Check Out: CBSE Class 10 Books

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3

With the help of the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes, it becomes easy for you to understand this important chapter. These metal and non metal notes explain important concepts in a simple and concise manner, which makes it easier to remember reactions, examples, and key points.

Studying these metals and non metals class 10 short notes regularly makes your learning faster and helps you solve questions with confidence. Check the detailed class 10 science chapter 3 notes here:

Metal and Non Metal Notes Class 10 Science

Find the topic-wise Metal and Non Metal Notes Class 10 here, covering definitions, properties, applications, reactions, and examples:

1) Introduction to Metals and Non-Metals

Definition: Metals and non-metals are two broad categories of elements in the periodic table. These categories are based on the characteristic properties that differentiate the elements.

Characteristics of Metals: Metals generally exhibit the following properties:

Luster: Metals have a shiny appearance.
Conductivity: They conduct heat and electricity.
Malleability: Metals can be hammered into thin sheets.
Ductility: They can be drawn into thin wires.

Characteristics of Non-Metals: Non-metals exhibit characteristics opposite to metals:

Dull Appearance: Non-metals lack a shiny appearance.
Poor Conductors: They are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Brittle: Non-metals are usually not malleable or ductile.

2) Physical Properties of Metals

Malleability: Malleability is the property of a material to withstand deformation under compressive stress. In the context of metals, it refers to their ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
Ductility: Ductility is the property of a material to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture or breaking. In metals, it refers to their ability to be drawn into thin wires.
Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity due to the presence of free electrons that can move freely.
Luster: The shiny appearance of metals, known as luster, is a result of the reflection of light by the metal surface.

3) Chemical Properties of Metals:

Reaction with Oxygen: Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides. The reactivity varies, and some metals may react more vigorously than others.

2Mg+O₂→2MgO 2Mg+O₂→2MgO

Reaction with Water: Certain metals react with water to form metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

2Na+2H₂O→2NaOH+H₂ 2Na+2H₂O→2NaOH+H₂

Reaction with Acids: Metals can react with acids to form metal salts and release hydrogen gas.

Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2

4) Reactivity Series

Definition: The reactivity series is a list of metals arranged in decreasing order of their reactivity. More reactive metals are placed higher in the series.

Applications:

Predicting the outcomes of displacement reactions.
Understanding the relative reactivity of metals.

5) Formation of Ionic Compounds

Definition: Ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals, resulting in the creation of positively and negatively charged ions.

Example: Na+Cl→Na++Cl−Na+Cl→Na++Cl−

Check Out: CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers

6) Uses of Metals

Common Applications:

Iron and steel in construction.
Aluminum in transportation and packaging.
Copper in electrical wiring.

7) Alloys

Definition: Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of two or more elements, with at least one element being a metal.

Examples:

Brass: Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn)
Steel: Iron (Fe) and Carbon (C)

Properties: Alloys often possess enhanced properties like increased strength, corrosion resistance, and improved durability.

8) Corrosion and Its Prevention

Definition: Corrosion is the gradual deterioration of metals due to chemical reactions with environmental factors, such as moisture and oxygen.

Prevention Methods:

Coating with protective layers (painting).
Galvanization (coating with a layer of zinc).
Using corrosion-resistant alloys.

9) Introduction to Non-Metals

Definition: Non-metals are elements that lack the typical properties of metals. They are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Examples:

Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Carbon (C)

10) Physical and Chemical Properties of Non-Metals

Physical Properties:

Dull appearance.
Poor conductors of heat and electricity.
It can exist in different states (solid, liquid, gas).

Chemical Properties:

React with oxygen to form non-metal oxides.
React with acids to produce gases.

Uses of Non-Metals:

Oxygen for respiration.
Nitrogen in fertilizers.
Carbon is the basis of organic compounds and fuels.

11) Metalloids

Definition: Metalloids are elements that exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals.

Examples: Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge)

Properties: Metalloids may have intermediate conductivity and other characteristics between metals and non-metals.

12) Comparison Between Metals and Non-Metals

Differentiating Factors:

Physical appearance (shiny vs. dull).
Conductivity (good vs. poor).
Malleability and ductility (present vs. absent).

13) Significance of the Periodic Table

Arrangement: Metals, non-metals, and metalloids are distributed across the periodic table. Understanding their placement aids in predicting their properties and behaviors.

Check Out: CBSE Class 10 Question Banks

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF can be a great study resource during exam preparation. It is easy to download, can be accessed anytime without internet distractions, and lets you revise efficiently.

This Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Short Notes PDF includes all important concepts, key reactions, and examples. It also has extra questions for practice, which help you get ready to answer any type of question asked in exams. Board exams can be tough, and scoring good marks in them plays a big role in choosing the subjects for the next two years of studies.

By including these metals and non metals notes class 10 in your daily study routine, you can understand every concept clearly and confidently answer all questions asked from this chapter. Click on the link below to download the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF for free.

Benefits of Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes

Using the Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes makes understanding important concepts easy for exams without confusion. Here are the benefits of including them in your study routine:

Quick Revision: Helps you go through important points quickly before exams.
Clear Understanding: Explains properties, reactions, and uses of metals and non-metals simply.
Exam Ready: Covers important questions and extra practice problems.
Better Retention: Metal and non metal class 10 short notes make it easier to remember concepts.
Saves Time: You don’t need to read the whole textbook again and again. Once you read the chapter, going through these Metals and Non-Metals notes is enough for effective revision.
Easily Accessible: After downloading the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF, you can use it to revise anywhere, anytime.
Clarity on Chemical Reactions: These metals and non metals notes class 10 explain chemical reactions in a clear way, to help you understand how metals and non-metals react.

How to Use Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Notes to Score Well in Board Exams

Class 10 science chapter 3 notes can help you in scoring really good marks if you utilize them effectively during your board exam preparation. Here’s how you can use them smartly:

Read After the Textbook: First, read the chapter completely from your textbook. This helps you understand the concepts covered in it properly.
Revise Key Points: Go through these Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes to revise important definitions, reactions, and examples.
Practice Questions: Solve the questions included in the metal and non metal notes prepared by PW. Also, read and practice the extra questions for better practice.
Regular Revision: Revise the notes multiple times before exams. Short notes help you remember concepts without spending too much time. You can also use CBSE Class 10th Revision Books by PW to make your study sessions more exam-focused.
Highlight Important Parts: Note down and highlight the important reactions, formulas, and key points so you can recall them quickly during exams.
Combine With Previous Year Questions: Check questions from CBSE Class 10th Previous Year Papers and try to answer them after reading the notes for better preparation.

Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 FAQs

Q1. What are the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes about?

Ans. These notes explain the basic concepts of metals and non-metals, their properties, reactions, and uses in daily life. They help you understand the chapter easily and revise quickly during the exams.

Q2. What important topics are covered in the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 short notes?

Ans. The notes cover physical and chemical properties, reactions with oxygen, water, acids, corrosion, extraction of metals, and uses of metals and non-metals. They also include extra questions for practice.

Q3. How are metals different from non-metals?

Ans. Metals are shiny, hard, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Non-metals are dull, brittle, and poor conductors. Metals can be shaped into sheets or wires, but non-metals cannot.

Q4. When should I study these metal and non-metal notes class 10?

Ans. You should study these notes after reading the textbook and before exams for quick revision. They are also useful for practicing important questions and understanding key concepts.

Q5. From where can I download Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF for free?

Ans. You can find the Metals and Non-Metals Class 10 Notes PDF download link in the article above.

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