Periodic Table- Chemical Elements with Names and Symbols

Periodic Table:- The modern periodic table, widely used in Chemistry, is an essential reference for looking up chemical elements, organized to display periodic trends in their properties. However, the periodic table of elements typically shows only the symbol of each element rather than its full name.

Most symbols on the chemistry periodic table are similar to the element's name, but some derive from Latin. For instance, the symbol for silver is Ag, from its Latin name "Argentum." Similarly, iron is represented by Fe, from the Latin "Ferrum." This can be challenging for beginners, as these symbols do not always correspond to the English names of the elements, making it harder to memorize all the element names. Thus, we have created the details that will help students learn and memorise the periodic table of elements from the below table.

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Periodic Table of Elements

The Periodic Table of Elements arranges all the chemical elements in an organized way. Each element has a unique atomic number, which tells us how many protons are in its nucleus. Elements are placed in specific spots on the table based on their atomic number. Even though elements can have different forms called isotopes, they all have the same number of protons, so they are all grouped in the same place on the table. Check out the modern periodic table below:-

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List of Chemical Elements

Check out the List of Chemical Elements and Symbol of Chemical elemnets along with other crucial details below:-

Atomic Numbers of Elements

• There are about ninety elements found on Earth.

• Each element has a different number of protons, electrons, and neutrons.

• The total number of these subatomic particles in each element determines its unique properties, including radioactivity.

• The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number.

• The atomic number of each element is unique.

• The combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the atomic mass number.

• The atomic number always stays the same for an element.

• Some elements have atoms with different atomic mass numbers due to varying numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.

• Versions of an element with different atomic mass numbers are called isotopes.

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Important Facts About Chemistry Periodic Table

1. Organization by Atomic Number: The periodic table arranges elements in order of increasing atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

2. Groups and Periods: The table is divided into 18 vertical columns called groups and 7 horizontal rows called periods. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

3. Element Categories: Elements are broadly categorized into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are typically found on the left side and center of the table, nonmetals on the right side, and metalloids along the staircase line dividing metals and nonmetals.

4. Group Characteristics

• Group 1: Alkali Metals (e.g., Sodium, Potassium) are highly reactive, especially with water.

• Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (e.g., Calcium, Magnesium) are also reactive but less so than alkali metals.

• Group 17: Halogens (e.g., Fluorine, Chlorine) are very reactive nonmetals.

• Group 18: Noble Gases (e.g., Helium, Neon) are inert and do not readily react with other elements.

5. Periodic Trends

• Atomic Radius: Generally decreases across a period from left to right and increases down a group.

• Ionization Energy: Generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

• Electronegativity: Generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

6. Transition Metals: Located in groups 3-12, these metals have variable oxidation states and often form colored compounds.

7. Lanthanides and Actinides: These are two rows placed below the main table. Lanthanides are rare earth metals, and actinides include radioactive elements like Uranium and Thorium.

8. Element Discovery: Elements were discovered over centuries, with some known since ancient times (e.g., Gold, Silver) and others synthesized in laboratories in recent decades (e.g., Oganesson).

9. Isotopes: Elements can have different isotopes, which are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes can have different stability and radioactive properties.

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Importance of Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number 

Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number is one of the most important tools in the study of chemistry. It organizes all the known chemical elements in a systematic way, providing a wealth of information about each element, including its atomic number and atomic mass. Here’s why the Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number is crucial in chemistry:

Understanding Element Properties: The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Numbers allows students and scientists to understand the properties of elements based on their position in the table. The atomic number helps identify the number of protons in an atom, while the atomic mass gives the average mass of the atoms of an element. These properties play a key role in predicting the behavior of elements in chemical reactions.

Classification of Elements: The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number classifies elements into groups and periods, helping to categorize elements with similar properties. Elements in the same group tend to have similar chemical behaviors, and the atomic number provides a basis for understanding these similarities. The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number is essential for organizing elements based on their electron configurations and reactivity.

Predicting Chemical Reactions: The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number is an invaluable tool for predicting how elements will react in different chemical reactions. By knowing the atomic number and mass of an element, scientists can infer its valence electrons and reactivity with other elements. This makes it easier to predict the formation of compounds and the nature of chemical reactions.

Determining Isotopes: The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Number also helps in identifying isotopes of elements. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different atomic masses but the same atomic number. Understanding isotopes is crucial in fields such as radiology, archaeology, and medicine, making the Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Numbers vital for scientific applications.

Foundation for Further Study: The Periodic Table with Mass and Atomic Numbers forms the foundation for advanced study in chemistry, physics, and biology. By understanding the atomic number and mass, students can delve deeper into atomic structure, bonding, and molecular interactions. The periodic table serves as a roadmap for future scientific discovery, guiding students and researchers through complex chemical theories and concepts.

Periodic Table FAQs

Q1. What are the main groups on the periodic table?

Ans. The main groups are:

Group 1: Alkali Metals

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 17: Halogens

Group 18: Noble Gases

Q2. What are transition metals?

Ans. Transition metals are elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table. They are known for their ability to form multiple oxidation states and colored compounds.

Q3. What are lanthanides and actinides?

Ans. Lanthanides and actinides are two series of elements placed below the main table. Lanthanides are rare earth metals, while actinides include radioactive elements like Uranium.

Q4. What is an atomic number?

Ans. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus. It determines the element’s position on the periodic table.

Q5. What is an isotope?

Ans. Isotopes are versions of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different atomic masses.